El trabajo cooperativo y el aprendizaje significativo en el Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Santa Rosa de San Juan de Lurigancho, 2016

Actualmente, los sistemas educativos de educación superior han sido impactados por exigencias propias del avance científico, tecnológico y social del milenio. En este sentido, es indispensable acercarse en profundidad a los institutos para describir e interpretar los procesos de aprendizaje que emplean sus estudiantes, que les permiten aprender y, con esa base, generar una visión amplia y profunda de los fenómenos cognitivos, afectivos, emocionales y sociales que permitan reconstruir la visión del aprendizaje a las exigencias del milenio. Hoy en día sabemos que el aprendizaje significativo es más relacional es decir social. De acuerdo con Perkins (2003), muy pocas personas aprenden completamente solas, para que el aprendizaje sea significativo tiene que ser exteriorizado y compartido con otros. El autor antes mencionado indica que se puede desarrollar una inteligencia colectiva por medio de la labor de diferentes equipos de trabajo, el nivel de este tipo de inteligencian dependerá de la forma en que los integrantes del grupo colaboran con sus conocimientos, experiencias y actitudes a través de un trabajo cooperativo. De esta manera, el problema de la presente investigación radica en conocer la relación existente entre el trabajo cooperativo y el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes en el Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Santa Rosa de San Juan de Lurigancho con el fin de determinar sí en esta forma de trabajo trae excelentes resultados. Motivo por el cual se fijó aprender en grupo como objetivo principal establecer la relación que existe entre el trabajo cooperativo y el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes en el Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Santa Rosa de San Juan de Lurigancho, 2016. La idea a defender es que existe una relación significativa entre la aplicación del trabajo cooperativo y el aprendizaje significativo. El estudio responde al enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional que se pretendió determinar la posible relación entre dos variables importantes y de interés en una muestra representativa del Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Santa Rosa. Tanto el cuestionario sobre trabajo cooperativo y el aprendizaje significativo fueron aplicados con una muestra de 196 estudiantes sin criterios de exclusión

Ventilatory Thresholds Estimation Based on ECG-derived Respiratory Rate

The purpose of this work is to study the feasibility of estimating the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2, respectively) by using electrocardiogram (ECG)-derived respiratory rate during exercise testing. The ECGs of 25 healthy volunteers during cycle ergometer exercise test with increasing workload were analyzed. Time-varying respiratory rate was estimated from an ECG-derived respiration signal obtained from QRS slopes' range method. VT1 and VT2 were estimated as the points of maximum change in respiratory rate slope using polynomial spline smoothing. Reference VT1 and VT2 were determined from the ventilatory equivalents of O2 and CO2. Estimation errors (in watts) of -13.96 (54.84) W for VT1 and -8.06 (39.63) Wfor VT2 (median (interquartile range)) were obtained, suggesting that ventilatory thresholds can be estimated from solely the ECG signal

Impacto de la concentraci?n de fondos en las empresas de los principales grupos de poder del Per? en la rentabilidad del portafolio de las AFP

El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar el impacto de la concentraci?n de fondos, en las empresas de los principales grupos de poder de Per?, sobre la rentabilidad del portafolio de las AFP. Con el apoyo de expertos, se identifica los factores que influyen en las decisiones de inversi?n adem?s de comparar al SPP peruano con otros pa?ses de la regi?n. Seguidamente, un an?lisis de rentabilidad de las acciones libres de restricciones de inversi?n y de la influencia de los grupos de poder, adem?s de la simulaci?n de portafolios diversificados que nos permitan medir el nivel de impacto econ?mico-financiero. Los resultados muestran que, la concentraci?n en el Per? es de grado moderado e inevitable, debido a la poca disponibilidad de activos, barreras regulatorias que limitan la diversificaci?n del portafolio, escaza informaci?n p?blica de las empresas emisoras, entre otras. Finalmente, un allocation m?s eficientes a fin de mejorar las rentabilidades de los portafolios administrados por las AFP es viable, a partir de cambios en el marco regulatorio, el alcance y las condiciones de mercado; para ello, se recomienda tomar en cuenta los resultados obtenidos del benchmark realizado del sistema previsional en otros de pa?ses de Am?rica Latina respecto del peruano

Automatic assessment of the 2-minute walk distance for remote monitoring of people with multiple sclerosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of automatically assessing the 2-Minute Walk Distance (2MWD) for monitoring people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). For 154 pwMS, MS-related clinical outcomes as well as the 2MWDs as evaluated by clinicians and derived from accelerometer data were collected from a total of 323 periodic clinical visits. Accelerometer data from a wearable device during 100 home-based 2MWD assessments were also acquired. The error in estimating the 2MWD was validated for walk tests performed at hospital, and then the correlation (r) between clinical outcomes and home-based 2MWD assessments was evaluated. Robust performance in estimating the 2MWD from the wearable device was obtained, yielding an error of less than 10% in about two-thirds of clinical visits. Correlation analysis showed that there is a strong association between the actual and the estimated 2MWD obtained either at hospital (r = 0.71) or at home (r = 0.58). Furthermore, the estimated 2MWD exhibits moderate-to-strong correlation with various MS-related clinical outcomes, including disability and fatigue severity scores. Automatic assessment of the 2MWD in pwMS is feasible with the usage of a consumer-friendly wearable device in clinical and non-clinical settings. Wearable devices can also enhance the assessment of MS-related clinical outcomes

Automatic Assessment of the 2-Minute Walk Distance for Remote Monitoring of People with Multiple Sclerosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of automatically assessing the 2-Minute Walk Distance (2MWD) for monitoring people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). For 154 pwMS, MS-related clinical outcomes as well as the 2MWDs as evaluated by clinicians and derived from accelerometer data were collected from a total of 323 periodic clinical visits. Accelerometer data from a wearable device during 100 home-based 2MWD assessments were also acquired. The error in estimating the 2MWD was validated for walk tests performed at hospital, and then the correlation (r) between clinical outcomes and home-based 2MWD assessments was evaluated. Robust performance in estimating the 2MWD from the wearable device was obtained, yielding an error of less than 10% in about two-thirds of clinical visits. Correlation analysis showed that there is a strong association between the actual and the estimated 2MWD obtained either at hospital (r = 0.71) or at home (r = 0.58). Furthermore, the estimated 2MWD exhibits moderate-to-strong correlation with various MS-related clinical outcomes, including disability and fatigue severity scores. Automatic assessment of the 2MWD in pwMS is feasible with the usage of a consumer-friendly wearable device in clinical and non-clinical settings. Wearable devices can also enhance the assessment of MS-related clinical outcomes

The utility of wearable devices in assessing ambulatory impairments of people with multiple sclerosis in free-living conditions

Background and objectives Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system affecting over 2.5 million people globally. In-clinic six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a widely used objective measure to evaluate the progression of MS. Yet, it has limitations such as the need for a clinical visit and a proper walkway. The widespread use of wearable devices capable of depicting patients’ activity profiles has the potential to assess the level of MS-induced disability in free-living conditions. Methods In this work, we extracted 96 features in different temporal granularities (from minute-level to day-level) from wearable data and explored their utility in estimating 6MWT scores in a European (Italy, Spain, and Denmark) MS cohort of 337 participants over an average of 10 months’ duration. We combined these features with participants’ demographics using three regression models including elastic net, gradient boosted trees and random forest. In addition, we quantified the individual feature's contribution using feature importance in these regression models, linear mixed-effects models, generalized estimating equations, and correlation-based feature selection (CFS). Results The results showed promising estimation performance with R2 of 0.30, which was derived using random forest after CFS. This model was able to distinguish the participants with low disability from those with high disability. Furthermore, we observed that the minute-level (≤ 8 minutes) step count, particularly those capturing the upper end of the step count distribution, had a stronger association with 6MWT. The use of a walking aid was indicative of ambulatory function measured through 6MWT. Conclusions This study demonstrates the utility of wearables devices in assessing ambulatory impairments in people with MS in free-living conditions and provides a basis for future investigation into the clinical relevance

The 2023 wearable photoplethysmography roadmap

Photoplethysmography is a key sensing technology which is used in wearable devices such as smartwatches and fitness trackers. Currently, photoplethysmography sensors are used to monitor physiological parameters including heart rate and heart rhythm, and to track activities like sleep and exercise. Yet, wearable photoplethysmography has potential to provide much more information on health and wellbeing, which could inform clinical decision making. This Roadmap outlines directions for research and development to realise the full potential of wearable photoplethysmography. Experts discuss key topics within the areas of sensor design, signal processing, clinical applications, and research directions. Their perspectives provide valuable guidance to researchers developing wearable photoplethysmography technology

Inter-Rater Variability in the Evaluation of Lung Ultrasound in Videos Acquired from COVID-19 Patients

12 páginas, 7 figuras, 1 tablaLung ultrasound (LUS) allows for the detection of a series of manifestations of COVID-19, such as B-lines and consolidations. The objective of this work was to study the inter-rater reliability (IRR) when detecting signs associated with COVID-19 in the LUS, as well as the performance of the test in a longitudinal or transverse orientation. Thirty-three physicians with advanced experience in LUS independently evaluated ultrasound videos previously acquired using the ULTRACOV system on 20 patients with confirmed COVID-19. For each patient, 24 videos of 3 s were acquired (using 12 positions with the probe in longitudinal and transverse orientations). The physicians had no information about the patients or other previous evaluations. The score assigned to each acquisition followed the convention applied in previous studies. A substantial IRR was found in the cases of normal LUS (κ = 0.74), with only a fair IRR for the presence of individual B-lines (κ = 0.36) and for confluent B-lines occupying 50% (κ = 0.50). No statistically significant differences between the longitudinal and transverse scans were found. The IRR for LUS of COVID-19 patients may benefit from more standardized clinical protocols.This research was partially funded by CDTI (Spanish acronym: Centre for Industrial Tech- nological Development), funding number COI-20201153. Partially supported by the Google Cloud Research Credits program with the funding number GCP19980904, by the project RTI2018-099118- A-I00 founded by MCIU/AEI/FEDER UE and by the European Commission–NextGenerationEU, through CSIC’s Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global)

Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Time-Varying Conditions and in the Presence of Confounding Factors

The tools for spectrally analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) has in recent years grown considerably, with emphasis on the handling of time-varying conditions and confounding factors. Time–frequency analysis holds since long an important position in HRV analysis, however, this technique cannot alone handle a mean heart rate or a respiratory frequency which vary over time. Overlapping frequency bands represents another critical condition which needs to be dealt with to produce accurate spectral measurements. The present survey offers a comprehensive account of techniques designed to handle such conditions and factors by providing a brief description of the main principles of the different methods. Several methods derive from a mathematical/statistical model, suggesting that the model can be used to simulate data used for performance evaluation. The inclusion of a respiratory signal, whether measured or derived, is another feature of many recent methods, e.g., used to guide the decomposition of the HRV signal so that signals related as well as unrelated to respiration can be analyzed. It is concluded that the development of new approaches to handling time-varying scenarios are warranted, as is benchmarking of performance evaluated in technical as well as in physiological/clinical terms

The isothermal mathematical modelling of physichemical adsorption of dyes from solution using spruce wood particles

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